16. CHAPTER - XVI

CHAPTER - XVI
“Keval Gyan Surya Sam Jagat Prakash Ativir Andhkar Anjana ko Dur Karan Mahavira”

Gautama Gandharv paid his best regards and bowed his head. He asked certain questions to Mahavira with a view that the answerof those questions may be useful for the living beings which are as under:-

1. What are the nine reals?

2. What are the Ajiva tatava?

3. What can be achieved from the tatva?

4. Why does a wicked person go to hell?

5. What is the basis by which a living body goes to heaven?

6. Why does a living being become female?

7. Why does a living being become sterlise ?

8. Why does a living being become handicap from eyes,ears,arms and legs?

9. Why does a living being become fortunate and get the high positions?

10. Why does a lady become widow and a male become widower?

11. Why does one get high family and low family?

12. How can we get liberation?

13. What are the duties of the human beings?

On hearing the various questions from Gandharv the ! Mahavira Bhagwan gave reply to him. The Bhagwan stated that the reply of your questions will be useful for the living beings. When the Bhagwan started giving reply, he did not speak with the mouth. His lips did not move. It is a practice that whenever Kevali Bhagwan speaks, his mouth is never opened but his speech is i understood by the Gandharvas. Living beings are of two kinds

1. Worldly living beings

2. Living beings gone to liberation ( Moksha) Worldly living beings are of many kinds. Those who have won over his eight actions (eight Karmas) they are called Sidh Bhagwan.They are residing on the highest place of the earth. Their body is invisible.

Worldly living beings are of two types (1) Sathavar

(2) Trash.

Sathavar has one sense organ (Ek Indri) such as earth, water, fire, air & vanaspati. Those who have two organs of sense, three organs of sense, four organs of sense, five organs of sense, they are called trash. Those who have five sense organs are of two types: (1)Sangi,

(2)Asangi

Living beings are of three types:

(1) Bahiratma: One who adopts the things whether it is right or wrong, he is called Bahiratma and one who considered unwholesome karma (PAP) as wholesome karmas (Puniya Karmas) he is called Bahiratama.

(2) Anteratma: One who is thoughtful about wrong or right, useful and unuseful religious and non religious, false actions and true actions or what actions can lead us to salvation, he is called Anter Atma. One who knows the difference between soul and body is known as Anter Atma.

(3) Parmatma: They are of two types

(1) Sakai Parmatma: One who adopts the body is known as Sakai Atma or Arihant They are for the welfare of living beings. From their preachings, they are protecting those persons who are attached with the worldly possessions. They guide the religious groups. They teach the path of salvation or liberation or Moksha to the religious persons.

(2) Nikal Parmatma : One who is without body is known as Nikal Parmatma or Sidh Parmatma.They have won over his actions. They have destroyed the eight actions. They have attained the Moksha.They are worshipped by the Inder. They are enshrined by the whole universe.

Tattava : Jiv, Ajiv, Asarva, Bandh, Samvara, Nirjara and Moksha.

Padarth : If Pap or Punya is added in the seven Tatvas, it becomes nine Padarth.

Jiva : All human beings, all animals, narkies (those who reside in hell), earth, stones, air, fire, mountains, trees, water etc. All Jivas take birth in 84 lakh yonis. Earth, trees, air, fire, water, mountains (6x7lacs): 42 Lacs yonis each Vanaspati: 10 Lacs Vikel Indri (two organs, three organs, four organs): 6 lacs yonis Celestials 12 lacs yonis Human beings : Total 14 lacs yonis 84 lacs yonis

Thus living beings are taking birth and dying in 84 lacs yonis. Every living being is much worried and dissatisfied in all the four Gattis. They are (i) Narakgati (hell),

(ii) Tiranch Gati (animal)

(iii) human beings and

(iv) Celestials.

Ajiva: Pudgal, Dharam,Adharam,Akashand Kaal.

Asrava : Incoming of the actions (karmas) are called Asarvas. Whatever good or bad action one is doing that is called actions (Karmas). It is like the incoming of water through some hole in the boat, it is called Asarva.

Bandh : Karma mixes with soul and become one is called Bandh. Such as when milk is mixed in water, it becomes one.

Samvarva: The incoming of Karmas are stopped completely that is called Samvarva. Suppose water is coming through the hole and some cloth or a piece of wood is inserted in the hole. Now incoming of water is stopped that is called Samvarva. Nirjara : When actions (Karmas) have already collected, they may be reduced by devoting one self into religion i.e through meditation, keeping fast such as when the water has filled in the boat, that water should be thrown out with the hands etc.

Moksha : All the 24 Tirhankaras have gone to Moksha after winning over his Karmas. (Punya + Paap +7 tatava) = Padarth

<font color=#FF4500>Punya : In coming of good Karmas are called Punya.

<font color=#FF4500>Paap : In coming of Paap karmas (Asata Karma) are called Paap Karmas. Six Dravyas (a) Jiva (b) Pudgal

<font color=#FF4500>(c) Dharam : Water helps the fish in movment, it is called Dharma.Water is not inspiring the fish to move, water is helping the fish to move.

<font color=#FF4500>(d) Adharam : Shadow of tree helps person to stay but it does not insist person to stay. It is called Adharam.

<font color=#FF4500>(e) Akash : It is divided in two parts (a) Lokakash (b) Alokakash where Dharam, Adharam, Kaal, Pudgal and living beings stay, that is called Lokakash. Totally empty place is called Lokakash.

<font color=#FF4500>Alokakash : Any other empty place out of Lokakash is called Alokakash.lt is ever lasting without any action and it has unlimited place.

(f) Kaal: Time is called Kaal. If Kaal is excluded from six Dravyas rest five are called Asti kaya.

i) Jnana varan action covers up the Mati Jnana of the living beings. As the idols of the Bhagwan are covered with cloth. As the guard on the door does not permit anybody to see the king.

ii) Darsan Varna action does not allow seeinc v 'ith the eye.

iii) Vedniya karam is just like honey is fixed ot word, the happiness of the world is for a moment but sorrows are like a mountain.

iv) Mohniya action (Karmas) restricts a person to follow the path of religion, to do the darsan of the Bhagwan, to acquire the knowledge and to think about the religion.

v) Aayu karma does not allow a person to come out of the body as if a person is tied with chain of iron can not come out of the prison. It insists a living being to suffer from the sorrows with the body.

vi) “Naam karam insists a living being to adopt the body of lion or elephant or deer or celestials etc”.

vii) Goter karma insists the living being to go into unwanted Goter and some times to go in superior Goter.

viii) Anteria Karma does not permit a person to give charity for religious purposes.

Darsana Varna, Jnana, Vedniya and Anteria Karma trouble the living being for thirty Kara kori sagar for each. A Mohniya action troubles living being up to the seventy kora kori sagar. One sagar is equal to count less years. Naam karam & Goter karam last for thirty three sagar.

Jinendra Bhagwan told the maximum period for the eight karmas. Similarly there is a minimum period for all the eight karmas. The world is full of sorrows and problems. These eight actions can be overcome from Darsana, Jnana, Charitra and Meditation. Mendicants face the incoming karmas from fast and meditation.

Nirjara is of two types. (1) Avipak Nirjara: Munis adopt the avipak Nirjara.

(2) Savipak Nirjara: It is adopted by the worldly living beings.

The Bhagwan has inspired living being to follow the path of salvation.